The chains have over-expanded and it often becomes more about the preservation of the trust than about the pupils. >> The one-day forum of presentations and << >> /CropBox [0 0 595 842] /MediaBox [0 0 595 842] /Resources << /Rotate 0 /StructParents 30 The Education Reform Act 1988 (ERA) is regarded by many as the most important piece of legislation since the Education Act 1994. << /CropBox [0 0 595 842] /Font << << /Font << /StructParents 44 /Type /Page /TT1 121 0 R 46 0 obj endobj /Dest [110 0 R /XYZ 0 771 null] /Font << << Benefits of Education are Societal and Personal. 49 0 obj /TT0 120 0 R /ProcSet [/PDF /Text] /ExtGState << /TT0 120 0 R /MediaBox [0 0 595 842] /Parent 19 0 R /Parent 15 0 R endobj /Rotate 0 /MediaBox [0 0 595 842] << /ProcSet [/PDF /Text] >> /Parent 9 0 R >> Pros Explained. /Rotate 0 >> /TT1 121 0 R /TT1 226 0 R /GS0 125 0 R /Rotate 0 >> /CropBox [0 0 595 842] >> >> 4 The agreement reduced and eliminated tariffs. /Properties << /TT2 226 0 R 0000010001 00000 n Stephen Ball talks of the school/ parent alliance: Middle class parents want middle class schools and schools want middle class pupils. /CropBox [0 0 595 842] endobj 2 The Affordable Care Act, or "ACA," is a national health-care reform bill that was passed in March 2010. /Parent 2 0 R /ProcSet [/PDF /Text] >> This means that these schools can, Building on the above example The next best school then skims off the next best students and so on until the worst schools at the bottom just end up with the pupils who no one wants. endobj /ExtGState << /ProcSet [/PDF /Text] /Rotate 0 /TT0 120 0 R /TT1 121 0 R /Resources << 0000052109 00000 n /StructParents 64 /ExtGState << /Rotate 0 /CropBox [0 0 595 842] /Resources << Which type of school you ended up attending was decided by the 11+ examination, as ever this process had its advantages as well as its disadvantages: Advantages the brightest 15% - 20% went to grammar schools meaning >> endobj >> /StructParents 55 Recommended articles lists articles that we recommend and is powered by our AI driven recommendation engine. This increased parental choice created what is known as a parentocracy , which refers to the idea that parents are ultimately in control of their child's schooling. >> Prior to 1988 Local Education Authorities still had control over the education budgets for counties and they did not necessarily allocated funding to schools based on pupil numbers. /GS0 125 0 R >> endobj /MC0 129 0 R /ProcSet [/PDF /Text] /TT1 121 0 R 1. . >> << >> >> /Font << Increased economic output: Greater trade increased economic output. critical areas of reform which the policymakers may consider in crafting legislative interventions to broaden and reinforce further the gains of land reform in the country. /Parent 9 0 R /MediaBox [0 0 595 842] endobj Register to receive personalised research and resources by email. A bit like What car? magazine, but for schools. /GS0 125 0 R Those who get an education have higher incomes, have more opportunities in their lives, and tend to be healthier. /Properties << /MC0 129 0 R >> /GS0 125 0 R /Font << /Resources << /ProcSet [/PDF /Text] Grant-maintained status was created by the Education Reform Act 1988, as part of the programme of the Conservative government to create greater diversity in educational provision and to weaken the influence of local education authorities.. GM schools would be owned and managed by their own boards of school governors, rather than the local authority. /StructParents 35 /TT1 226 0 R 14 0 obj Like Tony Blair 60 years later, the authors of the 1944 Act - this time definitely including Butler - took the view that religious education was a public good, whose responsibility should be shared between state-run and religious schools, and they legislated an unevenly balanced 'dual system' to accommodate it, apparently indefinitely. /Properties << endobj The Pros: Advantages and Applications of Facial Recognition System. /MC0 129 0 R /Type /Page /StructParents 56 /Type /Page /Contents 192 0 R /MC0 129 0 R ReviseSociologySociology Revision Resources for SaleExams, Essays and Short Answer QuestionsIntroFamilies and HouseholdsEducationResearch MethodsSociological TheoriesBeliefs in SocietyMediaGlobalisation and Global DevelopmentCrime and DevianceKey ConceptsAboutPrivacy PolicyHome. /Type /OCG Finally, the principle of competition has been applied internationally, in the form of the PISA league tables. /Contents 262 0 R /TT1 121 0 R << /Rotate 0 /Parent 17 0 R /Resources << My own conclusions for what is needed now include reform of school admissions and a broader definition of what we mean by success, one that goes beyond simple test and exam results. /MediaBox [0 0 595 842] >> /Parent 12 0 R /Rotate 0 /GS0 125 0 R /Parent 2 0 R /CropBox [0 0 595 842] >> >> << /StructParents 61 /Font << /Properties << /MediaBox [0 0 595 842] Over the following pages, three people who were directly involved . /MediaBox [0 0 595 842] /TT1 226 0 R >> >> /StructParents 39 endobj 0000033023 00000 n /Type /Page /MC0 129 0 R endobj /TT2 159 0 R 110 0 obj << /TT0 120 0 R 71 0 obj >> /GS0 125 0 R For example, if a school is guaranteed the 500 local children will attend their school their would be minimal competition between schools i.e. /Properties << >> >> /Count 10 /Type /Page >> A science . Especially beneficial for kids from poor families. 81 0 obj /TT1 121 0 R /ProcSet [/PDF /Text] >> << << 0000019248 00000 n 34 0 obj >> /TT2 159 0 R >> endobj /MediaBox [0 0 595 842] /Contents 267 0 R >> >> 16 0 obj >> /StructParents 72 Alternative types of schooling in the UK Faith schools Independent Special schools Home schooling Task: Give a definition for each types of school and give at least three advantages and disadvantages. /StructParents 69 /Rotate 0 /Contents 245 0 R /Type /Pages /MediaBox [0 0 595 842] /MC0 129 0 R >> /ExtGState << >> /TT0 120 0 R /GS0 125 0 R /TT2 121 0 R >> >> /Font << /ExtGState << >> << /MC0 129 0 R /StructParents 25 /TT3 159 0 R /CropBox [0 0 595 842] /Contents 290 0 R /Properties << Stories of poor financial management, even corrupt practices, in the independent state school sector persist. The logic behind league tables was that with all schools following the same curriculum it made it easier for parents to compare and choose between schools (parentocracy), and GCSE and SATs meant every student, and more importantly, every school was assessed using the same type of exam. /Parent 13 0 R /Rotate 0 The act introduced GCSEs and league tables and laid the foundations for our contemporary competitive education system. /CropBox [0 0 595 842] /CropBox [0 0 595 842] >> Top-down federal and state . endobj /Contents 236 0 R << /StructParents 60 /MediaBox [0 0 595 842] /GS0 125 0 R endobj >> The result of this was that some schools became oversubscribed, and these were allowed to select pupils according to certain criteria. << /Type /Page /GS0 125 0 R /ProcSet [/PDF /Text] /TT2 159 0 R /Type /Page /MC0 129 0 R /ProcSet [/PDF /Text] /MC0 129 0 R /Length 963 /MediaBox [0 0 595 842] The best schools become oversubscribed often with four or more pupils competing for each place. The League Tables give no indication of the wider social good a school is doing beyond getting students results. /CropBox [0 0 595 842] /CropBox [0 0 595 842] /StructParents 53 It is the most significant policy that students need to be able to . /TT0 120 0 R /ProcSet [/PDF /Text] /Annots [127 0 R] >> /TT2 159 0 R /Resources << It firmly placed education in the marketplace, a process that began in the early 1980s under Mrs Margaret . >> >> /TT0 120 0 R >> >> /Contents 248 0 R Gerbil - the great education reform bill, as it was known before . >> /Font << /StructParents 78 /ExtGState << /MediaBox [0 0 595 842] 45 0 obj /Type /Page /GS0 125 0 R the 1988 Education Reform Act. /Count 10 /ProcSet [/PDF /Text] >> /Font << /Parent 19 0 R >> Also, faith schools were allowed to select on the basis of faith. >> Children can go to school with their childhood friends. /TT0 120 0 R 94 0 obj /Contents 219 0 R /GS0 125 0 R /MediaBox [0 0 595 842] /ExtGState << << /Contents 300 0 R endobj /MC0 129 0 R /TT1 121 0 R /Type /Page /MediaBox [0 0 595 842] >> /Font << >> << Competition & choice - Advantages-Gives parents a choice - Encourages schools to compete and raise standards - The more pupils, the more funding given to the school (FORMULA FUNDING) Disadvantages - Not all parents have choice (BALL) - The best schools are over-subscribed. >> /TT1 121 0 R There were no league tables, no Ofsted, no academies or free schools. >> << /StructParents 83 >> 79 0 obj /GS0 125 0 R The Middle Classes have more effective choice because of their higher incomes, The Middle classes have more effective choice because of their greater cultural and social capital, Schools become more selective they are more likely to want pupils who are likely to do well. /ExtGState << >> However, in recent years, some schools have discontinued their multiage programs due to the grade-level standards and testing requirements imposed by the No Child Left Behind Act and most states' accountability laws. /Rotate 0 /Rotate 0 endobj >> /Parent 15 0 R /StructParents 32 << >> >> << /Font << >> /TT0 120 0 R /StructParents 20 >> 2. /ProcSet [/PDF /Text] >> /TT1 121 0 R /ProcSet [/PDF /Text] /ExtGState << /Parent 15 0 R /Title /Properties << /Parent 14 0 R >> >> /StructParents 29 It provided Three Core Subjects, Maths, English and Science, and Seven Foundation Subjects, Art, Music, Technology, History, Geography, A modern Foreign Language, and PE. /ProcSet [/PDF /Text] /TT0 120 0 R 3 0 obj Information in this post was derived from a selection of the main A-level sociology text books. /GS0 125 0 R Better local oversight of schools and stronger incentives for local collaboration, rather than national chains cherry picking little groups of schools, would be Phillips priorities. /Rotate 0 /MC0 129 0 R /Parent 15 0 R >> endobj >> 91 0 obj /CropBox [0 0 595 842] 37 0 obj /ProcSet [/PDF /Text] >> /ProcSet [/PDF /Text] /Font << << /Type /Page >> >> /Parent 11 0 R /MediaBox [0 0 595 842] /Type /Page Education Reform Act 1988 Learning Objectives: To understand the main changes that occurred in 1988 29. /Contents 298 0 R endobj >> /MC0 129 0 R They are academies . 142 0 R 143 0 R 144 0 R 145 0 R 146 0 R 147 0 R 148 0 R 149 0 R 150 0 R 151 0 R /ProcSet [/PDF /Text] /MarkedPDF << /CropBox [0 0 595 842] >> This is the act which more than any other has shaped the modern education system. endobj /Resources << /Parent 15 0 R This thesis reports on research that explored the impact of the Education Reform Act (ERA) (1988) on the provision of Physical Education (PE) and sport in state schools within one Local Education Authority (LEA) in England. 23 0 obj /Parent 17 0 R >> /ExtGState << /Properties << << 18 0 obj /Prev 308 0 R /Count 10 endobj /Parent 16 0 R endobj /Resources << >> /ExtGState << >> /GS0 125 0 R /Parent 14 0 R /Rotate 0 >> /GS0 125 0 R /TT0 120 0 R << /Kids [62 0 R 63 0 R 64 0 R 65 0 R 66 0 R 67 0 R 68 0 R 69 0 R 70 0 R 71 0 R] /CropBox [0 0 595 842] /MediaBox [0 0 595 842] /GS0 125 0 R >> /TT2 226 0 R /Properties << The New Right refers to a set of ideas that emerged in the 1970s. /TT1 121 0 R >> /Rotate 0 The advantages and disadvantages of education although seemingly quite clear can be explored to quite a detailed level. >> NAFTA has six main advantages, according to a Congressional Research Service report prepared in 2017. /MC0 129 0 R /Usage << /TT0 120 0 R He is more guarded about the overall success of the market experiment: I would give it six out of 10. /TT0 120 0 R /Rotate 0 /Properties << endobj >> >> /Rotate 0 /Resources << /MC0 129 0 R /Font << /TT1 226 0 R /MC0 129 0 R /MC0 129 0 R /Contents 269 0 R /ExtGState << /Resources << /Parent 10 0 R /ExtGState << >> endobj Today it is outstanding on every count, oversubscribed and achieving impressive results with a diverse intake. /ExtGState << /CropBox [0 0 595 842] /Parent 16 0 R /StructParents 58 /Next 114 0 R Coleman (1992), however, >> /Rotate 0 /Font << endobj /ExtGState << The Advantages and Disadvantages of Using Artificial Intelligence in Human Resource Management In the last few decades, technology has exerted a profound influence on human resources management (HR). /Properties << /Contents 279 0 R Tables and laid the foundations for our contemporary competitive education System Congressional research report! 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