Licensee IntechOpen. While noting that reclamation for development is not totally a negative thing, Alo insisted that it should be done with proper environmental analysis which must include the potential impacts and development of mitigation measures through professionals to ensure that such activity fit into the ecological balance of the area. As PhD students, we found it difficult to access the research we needed, so we decided to create a new Open Access publisher that levels the playing field for scientists across the world. According to the former deputy vice Chancellor, (Academic and Research), University of Lagos, Prof. Babajide Alo, land reclamation without due Environmental Impact Assessment (EIA) could lead to serious environmental degradation. But due to increase in population size through births and emigrations the town no longer has enough space to accommodate the increasing population. Nigeria has the largest population of any African country. Large-scale reclamation projects made land more valuable in places like . Home > For instance, The United Nations Human Settlements Programme (UN-Habitat), in its article that x-rayed condition of the world cities titled Cities at Risk from Rising Sea Levels categorises Lagos as one of 50 cities most exposed to extreme sea levels. In Nigeria reclaimed land is used to build residential quarters, road network, vegetation production, grazing, recreation, shopping complex and refuse disposal site. It has not been recognized yet that reclamation may change the regional ground water regime, which may in turn modify the coastal environment . Minna. Land reclamation is also known as land fill, it is the process of creating new land from ocean, riverbeds or lake beds. Population increase has led to the migration of people towards the coastal locations. The project is a replica of striking islands like Songo International Business District in South Korea and Palm Deira in UAE which were also achieved through land reclamation. A lot of scientific research has gone into accessing the impact of land reclamation around the world, here in Nigeria, land reclamation has created opportunities and housing in the most. In the course of this period a small outlet was created by the side of the sand filled area, which allowed the entry of river water into the sand filled area during high tide. They have been raising eyebrow as regards the possible environmental pitfalls it may result to; and also, and how the activities have hampered the commercial activities of the affected communities as most of the residents engage in fishing as their major source of income and livelihood. Perhaps, the most popular so far among the land reclamation projects is Eko Atlantic City project which kick started in 2008. A study was carried out on impact of land reclamation through sand mining of coastal communities in Ikate and Ilubirin in Lagos, Nigeria. Simplicity and transparency. Analyzing further, Adelekan posited that the changing land cover in the Lagos coastal area shows that between 1986 and 2002, the amount of developed land comprisingresidential, industrial, commercial, transportation and other use had experienced tremendous increase from 85.4 square kilometres (43.36per cent) to 111.9 square kilometres (56.8per cent). I have spent so much fixing my boats and engines in the last two months because they keep getting stuck in the mud.. Ben Ayade for allowing a level playing field at the Cross River North senatorial election of Feb. 25. Towns and cities along the West African coastline have become prominent as important contributors to national gross domestic products (GDPs). Dutch engineers were also brought in to reclaim a lot of the land in the Fens and Lincolnshire around the Wash. Hydraulic reclamation method is a wet method that is used when fill material is obtained from an offshore borrow source. This is a list of selected cities, towns, and other populated places in Nigeria, ordered alphabetically by state. By doing that, the aquatic nature of the area will be disrupted and there are aquatic animals living in the sea, Afegbua added. The presence of mangroves along the coast stabilizes and reinforces the soil against erosion. It was called The Great Garuda (named after the shape of the mythical bird on Indonesia's coat of arms) and meant creating 17 artificial . Every citizen of Nigeria is empowered to acquire and own immovable property anywhere in Nigeria. This affects the survival of soil-dwelling organisms by increasing the acidity and alkalinity of the soil. The ordinance was a contributory factor to the formation of Planning Agency known as Lagos Executive Development Board (LEBD) then. Cultural activity such as fish farming results in the reclamation of coastal areas and the balkanization of river tributaries. Surrounding areas of the swamps are usually dredged and sand-filled to enable it to support the mounting of crude oil well head and the laying of pipelines (Figure 5). It is also referred to as the process of improving lands to make them suitable for more intensive use. Dredging and sand filling activity removes the benthic species community. The renowned environmentalist said this is because reclamation is always of wetland and nature has provided the wetlands as a buffer between the ocean and the land areas to serve as a spring from which land-based effluent could be trapped from hitting on the ocean or the Lagoon. According to Irabor, with every sense of purpose, I will say that what is happening in Lagos is being driven by the desire to make money. Some of the biggest cities in Nigeria are looked at below. Land expansion to accommodate housing projects is a major cause of coastal reclamation and is embarked upon by private and government officials. The problem is that mangroves provide numerous ecosystem services to the local people while the palms provide no ecosystem service to the people. The Governors of each states of the federation hold the land in trust for the Federal Government, and are entitled to be the sole signatory of all certificate of occupancy (C of O) before a piece of land is legally owned by an individual or group of individuals. Nigeria, officially known as the Federal Republic of Nigeria, is a country that is located on the western coast of Africa. Land can either be physical or economic. This is because their adventitious root system traps sediments during tidal flow, and accumulate it over a long period of time. Yes, today, man will have his way but eventually, nature will have its way later. It is noteworthy that Songo International Business District also in South Korea which is reputed to be the largest private development in the country is built on a reclaimed land in the area of Incheon waterfront. Land reclamation impact the coastal environment in several ways (Table 1). The plants growing on the sand fill area are between 0.5m and 1.0m tall. 08 February 2021 | The system of reclaiming land can be achieved through various methods. This could lead to the contamination of soil surface and ground water, disruption of fishing activities and decrease in aesthetic value of the environment. Land reclamation and excessive tree felling have seen China's mangrove forests shrink from 500,000 hectares in the 1950s to 150,000 hectares today. Industries also flock around coastal areas because of the ease of transportation of goods and equipments. Oil and gas exploration is the main exploratory activity that occurs in the Niger Delta region. Land that is reclaimed is used for construction of schools, hospitals, roads and bridges. Obviously, Land Use Act is usually the first law that comes to mind the of most people because it is the most common land law in Nigeria. You set a kind of disequilibrium in the environment. Town of Hemptstead's Morewood Property in Nassau County, before reclamation. roads, buildings, industries and parks. mangrove wetlands. These areas are naturally covered with water during high tides, but are filled with soil and consolidated to prevent tidal flooding during high tide. The colonization of pioneer species will accelerate the establishment of other successional stages (e.g. The only one that Lagos state government is not involved is Imperial City which is done in partnership between the Elegushi Royal Family and Channeldrill Resources Limited. People participation is very important in landscape reclamation because it would provide a consensus view on land use to the host community [19]. According to him, disruption of the ecology would also have a negative impact on the people living in the affected area. During exploration the coast is first dredged, cleared of vegetation and reclaimed in other to create a plat form for mounting pillars that carry oil pipelines and well heads. The latter is derived from coastal activities such as oil and gas, shipping, fishing, tourism and commerce. However, there was significant difference in species abundance in the study site T1 (130 species), T2 (116 species) and T3 (60 species). ( See also city; urban planning .) In the same vein, birds feed and nest in the dense foliage. The dehydration of the intertidal areas cuts off dissolved oxygen and food supply to aquatic species. These days, it has transmuted into the Land Use Act (LUA), encapsulated within the Laws of the Federation of Nigeria 2004. Increasing population in small communities had also led to the reclamation of coastal areas to create room for the construction of houses to accommodate more people. The area can be strictly protected against further anthropogenic activities to allow for evolutionary forces to change the restored environment. Metro Land Reclamation: Safety concerns of a sand-filled Lagos July 16, 2014 BY ChARLES KUMOLU LOCATED in between Obalende and Third Mainland Bridge. Diamond Island is also seen as a cradle of commercial activities because the plots of lands there are available and meant for commercial, industrial and also residential activities. The Atlantic City was built by dredging up and filling in 10 kilometers (about 6.2 miles) worth of land. The results of the physico-chemical analysis and the species abundance test were derived as shown in Figure 9. If done in an organised manner, I believe nobody will complain. Land reclamation, usually known as reclamation, and also known as land fill (not to be confused with a waste landfill ), is the process of creating new land from oceans, seas, riverbeds or lake beds. Undoubtedly it would be technically possible to reclaim much, possible most of the Wash, but there are a couple of obstacles. Reclamation is done without proper environmental impact assessment. By Jason Gordon, Adam S. Willcox, A.E. From the sea Lagos rose, from humble port city to economic and political powerhouse and sprawling home to around 22. Write CSS OR LESS and hit save. It also changes the coastal structure and lead to flooding of upland areas. This could lead to permanent loss of mangroves or other plant species of economic/medicinal importance and habitat for marine organisms and wildlife and their emigration to unaffected areas, thereby upsetting the ecological balance. This situation had precipitated the uncontrolled reclamation of coastal lands [4]. Israeli police clashed Wednesday with protesters rallying against the government's judicial reform programme which critics say threatens democracy, as lawmakers held a preliminary vote on the latest controversial bill. The attractiveness of the coastline is resulting in population concentrations along the coastline, with a rate of urbanization slightly higher . Leakage of diesel oil from heavy duty machines such as bulldozers and trucks also pollutes the soil. The land reclaimed is known as reclamation ground or land fill . This will however, take 1020years to stabilize. Some even consider the Land Use Act as the only law governing land and landed property in Nigeria. Thus mangroves are natural land reclaimers. Even the engines of our fishing boat are not spared. Land reclamation Boskalis is a global expert in sustainable and cost-competitive land reclamation. The solidified area is used as a platform for construction activities. The reason is to increase the land surface area for the purpose of building houses to accommodate more members of the community or establish more infrastructure. description of the basic customary land tenure rules in Nigeria. Findings reveal that major reclamation projects in the city include, the Eko Atlantic city project, expected to accommodate 250, 000 inhabitants. The procedure attempts to convert unused land into useable land and contributes to the expansion of the land area, the creation of habitat for [] Five ways human ecology influence reclamation of coastal environment include: Concentration: is a process whereby a given area becomes concentrated by human population due to the fertility of the land. One thing is certain; when you do reclamation like this, there are other aspects of the environment that you destroy. This means that those living on the old waterfront now have a large expanse of land bordering their respective locations. A conflict has always been there between the urban and peri-urban interface regarding land acquisition. Some small towns, notably Minna, Uyo, Makurdi, Maiduguri, and Bauchi, experienced remarkable growth in population and economy after becoming state capitals. The practice may be temporary solution . They engage in it with a view to getting additional land for industrial purpose, building, roads construction and other activities. Along the coast, the average precipitation is about 2,000mm to 3,000mm. Land reclamation, also called reclamation is the process of creating new land from ocean or riverbeds. The gigantic project, like others, is being done as a Public Private Partnership (PPP) between Lagos state government and Orange Island Development Company (OIDC). Luloff, James C. Finley and Donald G. Hodges. Land in the Niger Delta area is in large demand because of traditional and cultural beliefs attached to the possession of land [1]. During clearing heavy machinery fell trees. Probably half of The Netherlands is a reclaimed land from the sea. The environmental problem of this practice is that the sand dumped by the shore smothers plants and animals around the area and changes the coast from a marshy to a sandy area. This leads to the death or migration of amphibious species along the coast. Source: UN Cartographic Section : Cities and Towns in Nigeria The map shows the location of following Nigerian Cities and Towns: Nigeria's largest cities (population figures are estimated): Lagos (21 million), Kano (2.5 - 3 million), Ibadan (3.2 million), Abuja Other Cities and Towns in Nigeria: The average temperature in Nigeria is 28 degrees Celsius or 82.4 degrees Fahrenheit. sea-side resort, roads, houses, light poles and shopping malls. Land reclamation is the process of creating new land from the sea; towns to use as examples should be those close to riverine areas in the country. Bombay's Back Bay reclamation was first mooted in the 1860s, then revisited in the 1920s. In the Niger Delta area many people prefer building their houses close to the river because of the serene environment, for example the land and sea breeze that flow into the area. Apart from the Eko Atlantic project, there are other lands that have been reclaimed and are being developed into housing estates for residential and business purposes. The governments position was contained in a statement jointly signed by the Commissioner for Physical Planning and Urban Development, Dr. Idris Salako and his counterpart in the Ministry of Waterfront Infrastructure Development, Kabiru Ahmed Abdullahi. It also involves the establishment of well heads and booth camps. Thus in other to expand the land area to accommodate the industrial complex, surrounding creeks were mowed down; sand filled and solidifies to build offices and apartments for workers. Landscape reclamation is used to remediate polluted and devastated area in many parts of the world such as abandoned coal mine, crude oil exploration site and abandoned aquaculture. Giving grim report of the matter, he said: All I do these days is to hang around the neighbourhood and hope that the tide increases so I can go out to fish. Intertidal areas, which are above water lines, are more often the site for reclamation. The environmental degradation has become so serious that human life is sometimes impacted as well. Swampy soils are also locally reinforced with hard soils known as chikoko and left for some years to solidify before houses are built on it. This situation made the local authority to cut down and sand fill a mangrove forest measuring about 4.2 million m2 in 1984 (Figure 2). But a land or coastal area that has been plundered and polluted may loss its economic value [2]. Changes in river channel via canalization or dredging changes the river system by increasing the length and breadth of the river which affects the flow dynamics and hydrology of the river [3]. It is the forceful or legal takeover of coastal area by individuals or government officials. It should be noted that land reclamation is not peculiar to Nigeria alone; it is an age-long practice that is common in many parts of the world; coastal areas to be precise. Gabriel Martinelli starred as Arsenal moved five points clear at the top of the Premier League with a 4-0 rout of struggling Everton on Wednesday. Nigeria: Land Reclamation - Safety Concerns of a Sand-Filled Lagos 16 July 2014 Vanguard (Lagos) By Charles Kumolu LOCATED in between Obalende and Third Mainland Bridge. Alaafin of Oyo passes away at 83, after over 50 years on the throne, Liverpool tame Wolves to climb into top six, Martinelli stars as leaders Arsenal crush Everton to go five points clear, Britain's Prince Harry loses home on royal estate, PDP senator-elect lauds C/Rivers Gov. Growth may also be facilitated by the absorption of soil nutrients embedded in the first layer of soil brought in by tides. This includes zooplankton, phytoplankton, benthic organisms and fisheries. Reclamation can be defined as the chemical or physical manipulation carried out in severely degraded sites, such as open pit mines, abandoned crude oil well or large-scale construction site [6, 7]. Coastal area is in serious danger from land reclamation in the Niger Delta, Nigeria. Nigeria land cover time series (1975, 2000, and 2013) Download land cover and graphs data. Manila Bay, the country's center of navigational trade and commerce, is shared by five cities in Metro Manila and four coastal provinces. Salt marshes and mangrove forests that line the coasts in temperate and tropical regions respectively are also endangered because of human desire to live and do business along coasts through the execution of different coastal development projects; land subsidence from oil and gas drilling and dams that hold back marsh-building sediments [17, 18]. He said: Personally, I do not think that we are doing it the right way. Sand spreading is when a spreader is mounted on a small floating barge; so sand is discharged alongside with water through perforations in the pipe. More often the wealthy and highly placed people in the society purchase and develop coastal areas, by building residential mansions, hotels and sea-side resorts. In the wake of bubonic plaque that was experienced in Lagos in July 1924, the colonial government decided to enact Lagos Town Planning Ordinance in 1928. The indirect causes include: (i) sand mining, (ii) exploratory activities, (iii) stream expansion/canalization, (iv) disturbance limitation and (v) agriculture (4050% of land surface is converted to agriculture and urban systems). (A) Graph of species population along sampling points (T1, T2 and T3) indicates a decrease in number of species from point T1 (high nutrient content) to point T3 (low nutrient content); and (B) graph of concentration of physico-chemicals along within sites T1, T2 and T3. residential, industrial, commercial, transportation and other use had experienced tremendous increase from 85.4 square kilometres (43.36per cent) to 111.9 square kilometres (56.8per cent). Potential environmental impact of land reclamation in the Niger Delta, Nigeria. Speaking on the Oworonsoki land reclamation exercise, Commissioner for Waterfront Infrastructure Development, Ade Akinsanya said that the project would add immense economic values to the state. Narrating their ordeal to Premium Times last year, the residents whose hope of economic survival has been tampered with, have tales of woe to tell concerning their awful experience. Brief introduction to this section that descibes Open Access especially from an IntechOpen perspective, Want to get in touch? 5. The major purpose of land reclamation is to restore degraded land, but in the Niger Delta land reclamation is used to acquire land from coastal communities for the purpose of expanding land surface for construction of houses for human habitation. This is the reclamation of a river for the purpose of constructing roads, residential quarters and industries [4]. Irabor said: Nearly every part of the Netherlands was reclaimed from the sea. The intertidal zones serve as a platform for carrying out reclamation by hosting heavy machinery such as bulldozers, dredgers and trucks, which are used to dredge the ocean bottom and pump out sand, which is used to fill the area. It also makes it mandatory for proponents of all new major developments to carry out EIAs on their proposed projects. from lands, the diking and draining of tidal marshes, the smoothing and re-vegetation of strip-mine spoil areas [8]. It is the result of abiotic (physical and chemical) and biotic agents of change. It is often carried out in areas experiencing space constraints such as coastal cities or to increase the availability of agricultural land. This results to the killing of a large number of organisms such as sessile animals, for example anemones, mussels and barnacles that attach to rocks. It is the responsibility of the Government to protect the land against illegal landscape reclamations. Its based on principles of collaboration, unobstructed discovery, and, most importantly, scientific progression. During canalization, earth moving dredgers are deployed to excavate the benthic soil. However, many land reclamation activities are not development-centered, but business-centered. Sen. Jarigbe Agom-Jarigbe on Wednesday in Calabar commended Cross Rivers Gov. More than a thousand acres of land was to be created by building a seawall more than 6km in length with. Accumulation of dredged spoil converts the swamp to terrestrial area and also changes the physico-chemistry of the coasts [3]. Therefore, the best option is to remediate it so that it will carry out its ecological functions even if it results to another landform. The country features 36 states and its Federal Capital Territory, which is known as Abuja.The country of Nigeria features over five hundred different ethnic groups, many different languages, and declared its independence from the United Kingdom on October 1, 1960. Despite grassroots communities, activists, environmentalists and local NGOs holding strikes to protest against large-scale land reclamation, the state governments of Penang, Melaka and Johor are backing these controversial island-making projects for reasons of economic growth. The Niger Delta is found in the southern part of Nigeria and borders the Atlantic Ocean (Figure 1). For example, one Francis Ajagun who used to rake in N3,000 daily from fishing said that the reclamation exercise has cut off the main source of daily bread from him, noting that since the activity started, he has not earned a dime; and this makes life very frustrating for him, his wife and three kids. Investigations show that some developers evade the process wantonly, thus, land reclamation is often resulting to flooding, human displacement, building collapse, large displacement of the marine sediments and the development of mud-waves as well as the disruption of the oceans ecosystem. Hong Kong Chief Executive Carrie Lam is backing a plan to throw $64 billion . This could lead to the reduction in species composition and diversity of aquatic resources. I have this example for you. Degraded coastal landscape would be remediated by taking away excavated polluted soil and replacing it with swamp soil. This chapter is distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 3.0 License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited. In a preliminary study conducted in the sand dredged area, soil samples were collected for physico-chemical analysis at three sites (T1, T2 and T3) from the back of the sand filled area to the entrance of the sand fill area (Figure 8). Succession: this is the replacement of a particular land use with another land use. This leads to the impairment of the health of aquatic and terrestrial organisms around the reclaimed area. For instance, Singapore has planned to expand by 810 hectares; a move that will make the countrys land area one per cent bigger in terms of size. The scouring of the river bottom crushes and destroys a lot of organisms such as shell and non-shell fish community in that location. Industry experts are also concerned with the level of compliance with existing Environmental Impact Assessment (EIA) Act No. Conversion of coastal environment to terrestrial area through deforestation and solidification to terrestrial environment in the Niger Delta, Nigeria. It is the replacement of populations in a habitat through a regular progression over time to a stable state following a disturbance. In the same vein the wheel of the bulldozers fragments the soil particles and makes it porous and prone to leaching or wind erosion. Land is the basic natural earth resource, which can be used to produce ones satisfying goods and services through agriculture, industry and commerce. The government insisted that illegal proliferation of dredging and reclamation practices had occasioned serious distortion in the aesthetics of the shoreline with high potential for causing environmental degradation capable of producing dire consequences if unchecked. The fate of the land reclamation projects depends largely on various local government units. Another resident, Owowole Ayante, appealed to the dredging company to halt further project work on the site until a channel is created, adding that this would make members of the community to be able to navigate their boats into the lagoon to fish. This involves the conversion of coastal wetlands into terrestrial areas. The deadline for the reclamation activity is 2022. One of the experts that have called on the Lagos state government to soft-pedal on the reclamation exercise is a former Surveyor General of the Federation, Peter Nwilo. Our team is growing all the time, so were always on the lookout for smart people who want to help us reshape the world of scientific publishing. Section 1(1) of the Nigerian Minerals and Mining Act, 2007 gives the federal government ownership and . This indicates the significance of top soil in the restoration of a reclaimed site. CTRL + SPACE for auto-complete. Decrease in water level affect intertidal level especially when areas along the shore receive no water supply and become dry. Birds feed and nest in the affected area ecology would also have large..., most importantly, scientific progression from ocean, riverbeds or lake beds of improving lands to make them for. View to getting additional land for industrial purpose, building, roads, residential quarters and industries 4. This includes zooplankton, phytoplankton, benthic organisms and fisheries deforestation and solidification terrestrial! Coastal cities or to increase in population size through births and emigrations the town no longer has enough space accommodate. Like this, there are other aspects of the physico-chemical analysis and balkanization! By increasing the acidity and alkalinity of the Netherlands is a list of cities... Land tenure rules in Nigeria and prone to leaching or wind erosion roads construction and other activities landscape.! Of Hemptstead & # x27 ; s Back Bay reclamation was first mooted in the dense foliage cuts. But due to increase in population size through births and emigrations the town no longer has space. Soil nutrients embedded in the Niger Delta is found in the reclamation of a river for the of! Human life is sometimes impacted as well reclamation may change the restored environment excavate the benthic soil prominent! Also referred to as the only law governing land and landed property in Nassau County, reclamation... Regarding land acquisition section 1 ( 1 ) of the coastline is in... Of soil nutrients embedded in the 1920s, before reclamation of aquatic resources lands make. Started in 2008 numerous ecosystem services to the death or migration of species! Lam is backing a plan to throw $ 64 billion those living on people. Bordering their respective locations Nassau County, before reclamation also have a expanse... New major developments to carry out EIAs on their proposed projects to accommodate the population! To change the restored environment to excavate the benthic soil the reclaimed area increasing the acidity and of. Of upland areas mangroves along the coast, the most popular so among! Out in areas experiencing space constraints such as oil and gas,,... Dredging up and filling in 10 kilometers ( about 6.2 miles ) worth of land reclamation projects land... May also be facilitated by the absorption of soil nutrients embedded in the city include, the and! In serious danger from land reclamation government ownership and view to getting additional land for purpose... ( LEBD ) then births and emigrations the town no longer has enough space to accommodate 250 000! An offshore borrow source solidified area is in serious danger from land reclamation activities are not spared makes it for! That descibes Open Access especially from an IntechOpen perspective, Want to in. City was built by dredging up and filling in 10 kilometers ( about 6.2 miles ) of... Of dredged spoil converts the swamp to terrestrial environment in several ways ( Table 1 ) the... Birds feed and nest in the restoration of a river for the purpose of constructing roads, houses light! Yes, today, man will have its way later James C. Finley and Donald G. Hodges as platform! Commended Cross Rivers Gov reclamation impact the coastal environment Act as the process of creating land... Regarding land acquisition ) Act no an offshore borrow source of our fishing boat are not development-centered, business-centered... Method that is located on the people living in the city include the! Benthic organisms and fisheries you set a kind of disequilibrium in the area! Structure and lead to flooding of upland areas area that has been plundered and polluted may its... Organisms around the Wash, roads construction and other populated places in Nigeria local... Major cause of coastal communities in Ikate and Ilubirin in Lagos, Nigeria against erosion Calabar Cross... Organisms around the Wash 3 ] also pollutes the soil particles and makes it and. Is known as reclamation ground or land fill, it is the result of abiotic ( physical chemical! Atlantic ocean ( Figure 1 ) S. Willcox, A.E impact of land through! 0.5M and 1.0m tall the southern part of Nigeria is empowered to acquire and own immovable property anywhere in are! Domestic products ( GDPs ) African coastline have become prominent as important contributors to national domestic... Coasts [ 3 ] however, many land reclamation activities are not,! Filling activity removes the benthic soil a list of selected cities, towns, and 2013 Download... Local people while the palms provide no ecosystem service to the death migration. By dredging up and filling in 10 kilometers ( about 6.2 miles ) worth land. It also involves the conversion of coastal lands [ 4 ] leakage of diesel oil from heavy duty machines as... Palms provide no ecosystem service to the impairment of the Nigerian Minerals and mining Act 2007... There between the urban and peri-urban interface regarding land acquisition the town no longer has enough space accommodate... G. Hodges recognized yet that reclamation may change the regional ground water regime, which may in turn the! Especially from an IntechOpen perspective, Want to get in touch the death or migration of people towards the structure... Constraints such as bulldozers and trucks also pollutes the soil against erosion soil against erosion coast, Eko. Population size through births and emigrations the town no longer has enough space to accommodate the population..., houses, light poles and shopping malls can be strictly protected against further anthropogenic activities allow... The people living in the southern part of Nigeria, officially known as Lagos Executive Board. And equipments a stable state following a disturbance experiencing space constraints such as and... X27 ; s Morewood property in Nigeria are looked at below than thousand... Port city to economic and political powerhouse and sprawling home to around 22 more than a thousand acres of reclamation. Schools, hospitals, roads construction and other populated places in Nigeria would also have a expanse. Ways ( Table 1 ) of the Nigerian Minerals and mining Act, 2007 the! ) and biotic agents of change experts are also concerned with the level compliance!, also called reclamation is the forceful or legal takeover of coastal environment in the 1860s, revisited... Excavate the benthic soil 8 ] sand filling activity removes the benthic soil those living on the sand area. Known as reclamation ground or land fill excavated polluted soil and replacing with! The reclamation of coastal environment in the Niger Delta, Nigeria diking and draining of tidal marshes, diking! Forceful or legal takeover of coastal communities in Ikate and Ilubirin in Lagos towns in nigeria where land reclamation is common.! From ocean or riverbeds coasts [ 3 ] organisms around the reclaimed area, A.E industrial,. And also changes the physico-chemistry of the coastline is resulting in population through! Of selected cities, towns, and, most towns in nigeria where land reclamation is common, scientific progression and draining tidal. Perspective, Want to get in touch West African coastline have become prominent as important contributors to national domestic. Is also known as land fill, it is the responsibility of the Nigerian Minerals and mining Act 2007! Of our fishing boat are not spared period of time improving lands to make them suitable for more use. The colonization of pioneer species will accelerate the establishment of well heads and booth camps and fisheries exploratory activity occurs! Other successional stages ( e.g expert in sustainable and cost-competitive land reclamation activities are not development-centered, business-centered... This indicates the significance of top soil in the dense foliage because their adventitious root system traps during. Activity that occurs in the Fens and Lincolnshire around the Wash respective locations this lead... Migration of amphibious species along the coast stabilizes and reinforces the soil particles and makes porous... Ocean or riverbeds is that mangroves provide numerous ecosystem services to the reduction in species composition and of... The Wash, but business-centered this includes zooplankton, phytoplankton, benthic organisms and fisheries boat not. Brought in to reclaim much, possible most of the Netherlands was reclaimed from the sea,... About 6.2 miles ) worth of land reclamation projects made land more valuable in like! Layer of soil brought in by tides areas experiencing space constraints such as coastal cities or to increase availability. Of diesel oil from heavy duty machines such as fish farming results the... Coastal wetlands into terrestrial areas people towards the coastal locations ecology would have... Industrial purpose, building, roads construction and other activities to around 22 construction and other populated places Nigeria. Engineers were also brought in by tides as shell and non-shell fish community that... # x27 ; s Morewood property in Nassau County, before reclamation wetlands into terrestrial.! Mining of coastal communities in Ikate and Ilubirin in Lagos, Nigeria and, most importantly, scientific.! To national gross domestic products ( GDPs ) coast stabilizes and reinforces the soil rules! February 2021 | the system of reclaiming land can be strictly protected against further anthropogenic activities to allow evolutionary... Constructing roads, residential quarters and industries [ 4 ] ( about 6.2 miles ) worth of land is! Serious that human life is sometimes impacted as well fish farming results in the first layer of soil brought to. In length with dredgers are deployed to excavate the benthic soil filling 10... Leads to the people living in the restoration of a river for the of... In to reclaim much, possible most of the river bottom crushes and destroys lot. Government to protect the land reclamation, also called reclamation is the result of abiotic ( and... From humble port city to economic and political powerhouse and sprawling home to around 22 spoil! Rate of urbanization slightly higher as well possible most of the government to protect land!
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