When Schweinfurt was finally attacked again two months later, the lack of long-range fighter escort had still not been addressed and losses were even higher. The Bf-109 pilot Ren Darbois . Later in the war, in competition with the Junkers Ju 390 and the unbuilt, February 1943-initiated Heinkel He 277, Messerschmitt also worked on a heavy Amerika Bomber design, the Me 264, which flew in prototype form with three prototype airframes built, the first of which flew in December 1942 but was too late to see combat. Junkers managed to produce around 299 aircraft of this type by the end of the war. Von den 146 ohne Begleitschutz angreifenden Bombern erreichten ca. The first combat action of the Me 163 was conducted on 14th May 1944, piloted by Major Spate. 1] Wegen der Einberufungen zum Wehrdienst ergaben sich nach Kriegsbeginn Probleme bei der Beschaffung von qualifizierten Arbeitskrften und das Werk sog Fachkrfte aus allen Sparten auf, so dass viele Betriebe und Behrden in der Region unter dem Mangel an Arbeitskrften zu leiden hatten. This would lead to the Me 163B series, which was the first, and last, operational rocket-powered aircraft to be used in active combat. Aboard aircraft that safely returned to base, 7 aircrew were killed, with another 21 wounded. In order to help the ground crew with repairs, the fuselage was specially designed to contain a large number of removable panels. Freeman states that the gunners' claims were later reduced to 148, and that actual German loss was "only 27 fighters". The industry's infrastructure, while vulnerable to a sustained campaign, was not vulnerable to destruction by a single raid. Five miles from Schweinfurt, German anti-aircraft guns began firing an effective flak barrage into the path of the bomber force. The original plans to build numerous connected airfields were abandoned in favor of concentrating all available Me 163 in a few selected airfields. Several more were built but the end of the war led to the end of the project. I've googled, checked out Amazon.com and Amazon.de (Germany), and the Wikipedia. Am Ende war kein herkmmlicher, dichtgedrngter Komplex aus Industriehallen entstanden, sondern eine aufgelockerte Anlage mit Produktionshallen in einer weitrumigen Parklandschaft, die auch gegen Luftangriffe weniger anfllig sein sollte.[1]. For this reason, Brandis would become the main key point for the Me 163 combat operations. Because of this the Germans simply had to reduce the number of aircraft that they used for combat, as there wasnt enough fuel for all of them. Two are located in German museums: Luftwaffenmuseum at Berlin-Gatow and Deutsches Museum in Munich. Gleichzeitig wurden auch die Produktionssttten in Obertraubling ausgeweitet, wo sich die Werksbauten 1942 ber den gesamten Fliegerhorst ausgedehnt hatten.[1][4]. It was to be powered by HWK 109-509A-2 and HWK 509C engines. As a result, enemy fighters hit the first force, landed, rearmed, refueled, and then engaged the delayed second force. The 101 CG was made up of B-17s from the 381st (7), 351st (6), and 91st (6) BG. November 1937 begann die Produktion mit einem Serienauftrag fr die Fertigung der Messerschmitt Bf 108, auch genannt Taifun. Please note the National Museum of the U.S. Air Force is not responsible for items left in vehicles. As the construction of the Me 163B V1 prototype was approaching completion, it was proposed to switch to the older R II 203 engine to save development time, but this modification was not carried out. W. Spate and R. P. Bateson (1971) Messerschmitt Me 163 Komet , Profile Publications, M. Ziegler (1990) Messerschmitt Me 163 Komet, Schiffer Publishing, M. Emmerling and J. Dressel (1992) Messerschmitt Me 163 Komet Vol.II, Schiffer Military History, E. T. Maloney and U. Feist (1968) Messerschmitt Me 163, Fallbrook. This engine used a combination of T-Stoff and C-Stoff (a mixture of hydrazine hydrate, water, and methanol). The Me 163, despite its small number, proved to be a shock to the Allies pilots. At this time the Luftwaffe officials were determined to introduce the Me 163 to service. Im Sommer 1938 wurden die Muttergesellschaft Bayerische Flugzeugwerke umbenannt in MesserschmittAG. Nach Kriegsende blieben in Regensburg und auch in St. Georgen/Gusen nur Ruinen des leistungsfhigen und produktiven Flugzeugwerkes Messerschmitt GmbH zurck. The first true test of the concept was in the Bf 108 Taifun sports aircraft, which would soon be setting all sorts of records. These units were renamed in November or December 1944 to 5. and 6./JG 400. by dmeephd 30 Apr 2009, 17:39, Post Still, handling the Me 163 fuel without this kind of protection was highly dangerous for the ground maintenance crews. However, Messerschmitt's friendship with Hugo Junkers prevented a stagnation of the careers of him and BFW, which was started again in 1933. While the one carrying the aircraft parts was sunk, the others that were carrying technical manuals managed to reach the German ally. [1][2][4] Three P-47 Thunderbolts of the 56th Fighter Group and two RAF Spitfires were shot down attempting to protect the Schweinfurt force. [. As you know, this was one of the targets of the Schweinfurt- Regensburg mission on the 17th of Aug 1943, and it was so because an important Messerschmitt factory that was established there. Today at least several Me 163 are known to still exist. Weapons are not permitted including pocket knives and firearms, to include conceal carry and other dangerous weapons. The towed Me 163 was released at some 50 meters of altitude and the pilot was forced to land at a nearby lake. History [ edit] The development of the rocket engines was very slow and plagued with many setbacks, especially the limited production of fuel, which eventually led to huge delays in the Me 163 production. The Fora platform includes forum software by XenForo. Despite attempts to improve visibility compared to the previous version, the Me 163B suffered from poor visibility, especially to the rear and in front of the aircrafts nose. Z-Stoff would later be replaced with C-Stoff, which was a mix of methyl alcohol, hydrazine hydrate, and water. Based on these, the Japanese managed to build a slightly modified copy of the Me 163. by Jon G. 01 May 2009, 00:19, Post Zwar gab es im Reich ab 1936 einen Lohn- und Preisstopp, jedoch konnten diese Beschrnkungen bei den Anwerbungen von einem kriegswichtigen Rstungsbetrieb wie Messerschmitt leicht umgangen werden, oder die Beschrnkungen wurden durch Vergnstigungen, wie gute Sozialleistungen, kostenfreie Sportanlagen, Bcherei, und Schwimmbder ausgeglichen. Despite the problems with the Me 163 production, a small number of available aircraft were allocated to the Erprobungkommando (EKdo) 16 unit from April 1942 onward. While the Mosquito pilot managed to fly back to France, he was forced to crash land. The Me 163 were then used in several failed attempts to intercept the Allied reconnaissance aircraft that made frequent flights over the base. Juli 1936 gegrndet als Zweigwerk des damals noch Bayerische Flugzeugwerke (BFW) genannten Augsburger Unternehmens, das 1938 umbenannt wurde in Messerschmitt AG. 1943 waren diese Werke die zweitgrte Produktionssttte fr einmotorige Jagdflugzeuge in Europa. For ten years after World War II, the company was not allowed to produce aircraft. In Augsburg und Umgebung mussten etliche tausend KZ-Hftlinge zunchst im KZ-Auenlager Haunstetten, ab April 1944 im KZ-Auenlager Augsburg-Pfersee des Auenlagerkomplex Schwaben des Konzentrationslagers Dachau Zwangsarbeit leisten, fr Flugzeuge wie die Me 210, deren Nachfolger Me 410 sowie die Me 262. Seeing no harm in it, Major Spate gave instruction that his aircraft be fully fueled and armed. This was done by the unit mechanics, who wanted with this small gesture to bring good luck to their pilots. The company's management were forced to look for new products with which to maintain their position in the market. She managed to land the aircraft but was badly wounded and was placed in a hospital for some time. August 1943 mittags mit 146 B-17-Bombern. Location: Vermilion County Airport - KDNV, USA - Illinois; . There were also 55 to 95 additional aircraft badly damaged. It was estimated by RLM (Reichsluftfahrtministerium Ministry of Aviation) officials that, after the first batch of 70 aircraft was built, it would take some 7 months to actually begin mass production of fully operational aircraft. Based on this performance the company was invited to submit a design for the Luftwaffe's 1935 fighter contest, winning it with the Bf 109, based on the same construction methods. There's one picture of a hangar at Regensburg in Middlebrook's book, three aerial pictures, and three pictures showing post-raid damage. Die Ansiedlung des Flugzeugwerks verbunden mit dem Zuwachs an Bevlkerung brachten Regensburg auf den Weg zu einer Grostadt, in der das neue Werk mit vielfltigen kulturellen Aktivitten auch fr eine Verbesserung des Freizeitangebotes sorgte. This had a thrust power ranging from 100 kg (220 lbs) to 1,500 kg (3,300 lbs) or 1,700 kg (3,750 lbs), depending on the source. Not for publication. Note the brightly colored nose. After being postponed several times by unfavorable weather, the operation, known within the Eighth Air Force as "Mission No. Trotz der Einstufung als kriegswichtiger Betrieb waren die Messerschmitt-Werke mit gemeinsamer Konzernfhrung in privatem Besitz, was eine Ausnahme in der nationalsozialistischen Kriegswirtschaftspolitik darstellte. Shortly after she took off, the jettisonable takeoff dolly refused to successfully detach from the aircraft, preventing it from using the landing skid. Few sorties were carried out mostly due to lack of fuel. The former I/.J.G.400 commander Wolfgang Spate, flying one of the remaining operational Me 163, managed to destroy 5 additional Allied bombers by the end of the war. Rocket Powered Fighter Around 370 Built. Because of the delayed start of the mission, eight squadrons of RAF Spitfire fighters (96 aircraft) from 11 Group and 83 Group had been added to escort the Schweinfurt force as far as Antwerp, where P-47s would take over and escort it to Eupen. It provides a reasonably accurate view of the thinking behind the planners' intention and the decisions that led to the abandonment of the goal of launching a double strike in such a way that the second strike would meet no aerial opposition; and of the action in the air itself. Initially, in the three-wheel configuration, it was to tow the Me 163 along the airfield, using its own dolly, to a designated takeoff position on the airfield (upper picture). The smaller tanks were placed on both sides of the cockpit. I'd even settle for a history book of Messerschmitt that had some illustrations. Prohibited Items: B. Direktor Karl Linder oder Generalstabs-Ingenieur Roluf Lucht, regelmig zwischen Regensburg und St. Georgen. However anti-aircraft fire ("flak") was light over Regensburg and visibility clear, and of the remaining 131 bombers, 126 dropped 298.75 tons of bombs on the fighter aircraft factories with a high degree of accuracy at 11:43 British time. It is from there that the Me 163s attempted to intercept a huge Allied air formation of some 766 bombers, supported with over 14 groups of cover fighters. Ohne den Einsatz und die Ausbeutung von Zwangsarbeitern aus mehreren Konzentrationslagern wre eine Produktion in dem geschilderten Umfang unmglich gewesen. Messerschmitt relied heavily on slave labour to produce much of the parts needed for these aircraft during the second half of World War II; these parts were assembled in an enormous tunnel system in Sankt Georgen an der Gusen, Austria. An interesting episode in EKdo 16s history is connected to the well-known German test pilot Hanna Reitsch. For a better experience, please enable JavaScript in your browser before proceeding. That is until it ran out of fuel, at that point it was completely helpless and could only glide back to base. The Me 163B-0 series was armed with the weaker 20mm cannon while the Me 163 B-1 with the stronger 30mm cannon. He was supported in this by BMW's Managing Director Franz Josef Popp who, in a letter to the chairman of MAN, described BFW as a "dead factory, which possesses no plant worth mentioning, and consists very largely of dilapidated and unsuitable wooden sheds situated in a town that is extremely unfavorable for industrial activities and whose status continues to give little cause for enthusiasm". Trotzdem wurden im nur notdrftig reparierten Verwaltungsgebude in Regensburg die Lieferbeziehungen zwischen den vielen ausgelagerten Betrieben weiterhin so perfekt organisiert, dass der Produktionsausfall nur minimal war. This aircraft was to have a redesigned fuselage and cockpit. By the end of the war, only a few incomplete airframes were built. Due to the volatile nature of the fuel, any harsh landing with fuel still onboard offered a great chance of explosion as well, which led to a number of pilots being lost. On the 21st of April Olejnik had an accident during a forced landing where he spent some time in hospital thereafter. [militaryimages.net]Following the successful testing of the previous Me 163A series, the Germans began developing a new improved version that was intended for operational use. Due to the need for immediate aircraft production for the ongoing war, there was no time for development work and BFW manufactured aircraft under licence from Albatros Flugzeugwerke. The mission was an ambitious plan to cripple the German aircraft industry; it was also known as the "double-strike mission" because it entailed two large forces of bombers attacking separate targets in order to disperse fighter reaction by the Luftwaffe. [1], In Regensburg waren ca. Messerschmitt AG (German pronunciation: [msmt]) was a German share-ownership limited, aircraft manufacturing corporation named after its chief designer Willy Messerschmitt from mid-July 1938 onwards, and known primarily for its World War II fighter aircraft, in particular the Bf 109 and Me 262. This site uses Akismet to reduce spam. This was an automated weapon firing mechanism capable of friendly fire if not managed properly. Milch eventually cancelled all contracts with Messerschmitt and forced BFW into bankruptcy in 1931. Production of the KR200 ceased in 1964. As a consequence, deep penetration strategic bombing was curtailed for five months. The production of Bf 109s (and almost half of all German fighters) was located in Regensburg and in Wiener Neustadt, Austria. The fuselage could be divided into three sections, the cockpit, the central fuel tanks, and the rear engine compartment. Consequently, the launch of the Schweinfurt force was further delayed to allow U.S. escort fighters sufficient time to return to base to rearm for a second escort mission. by dmeephd 30 Apr 2009, 17:39. [wiki]. Unfortunately, fog delayed the Schweinfurt forces takeoff, but the Regensburg force left on time. Apparently Popp was still in close contact with Castiglioni and was perhaps even privy to the latter's plans for merging BMW with BFW. To successfully complete its portion of the attack, the Eighth Air Force decided to attack a target in central Germany as well as Regensburg to divide and confuse German air defenses. more than a third of the production at the Regensburg factory originated in Flossenbrg and Gusen alone; only the final assembly was done in Regensburg. At that time, and in conjunction with the Pointblank Directive to destroy the Luftwaffe in preparation for Operation Overlord, the B-17 force had expanded fourfold and was organized into the 1st and 4th Bombardment Wings (which due to their large size would soon be re-designated Bomb Divisions). After bombing the target, the Regensburg force turned south and crossed the Alps on the way to North Africa. For this reason, the Me 163 was tested with some experimental weapon systems. In 1944, on Adolf Hitlers instructions, a number of previously secret projects were to be shared with the Japanese. To avoid concentrating the production in one location, given the Allied bombing campaign, Junkers . Combat operations began again in March of 1945. Click here for frequently asked questions regarding items permitted inside the museum. This attack left the airfield at Bad Zwischenahn unusable for some time. The new engine used different types of fuel tanks which necessitated the redesign of the fuselage interior. It also used special fuel that was specially designed for it, and thus there was no need for allocating the vital German fuel reserves to it. T-Stoff consisted of a mix of hydrogen peroxide with oxyquinoline or phosphate. ausgeliefert. Speer indicated that the two major flaws made by the USAAF in the August strike were first in dividing their force instead of all striking the ball-bearing plants, and second, failing to follow up the first strike with repeated attacks.[31][4][32]. Free shipping for many products! - Strollers The left-wing cannon muzzle brake is visible in this picture. Approximately fifteen minutes after it crossed the coast at 10:00, the Regensburg force encountered the first German fighter interception, which continued with growing intensity nearly all the way to the target area. The Scheuchschlepper is specially designed to either tow or lift the Me 163 aircraft. I would suggest that if you haven't already you should research this raid. [10], Folgen fr die Infrastruktur in Regensburg, Zahlenangaben wahrscheinlich einschlielich Zwangsarbeitern und Kriegsgefangenen, https://de.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Messerschmitt_GmbH&oldid=226704177, Wehr- und Rstungswirtschaft im Nationalsozialismus, Creative Commons Attribution/Share Alike, Baubeschrnkungen fr den gesamten Stadtwesten wegen Verlust von Baugelnde und Erweiterung des Flugplatzes, Verknappung von Verbrauchsgtern und Preiserhhungen, Mangel an Arbeitskrften, besonders bei Facharbeitern, aber auch bei Behrden, Die hohe Gefhrdung als Angriffsziel fr Bombenangriffe machte die Stationierung von Flaktruppen ntig. The reason for this was the lack of sufficient water supply which was essential for flushing the Me 163 fuel tanks in order to avoid any accidental explosion. During the war Messerschmitt became a major design supplier, their Bf 109 and Bf 110 forming the vast majority of fighter strength for the first half of the war. The unit received its first operational Me 163 on the 10th of March, and seven more were to arrive by late April 1944. Spitfire pilots claimed 13 German fighters shot down and P-47 pilots claimed 19. However, 15 miles from Schweinfurt, the opposing fighters, after shooting down 22 bombers, disengaged and landed to refuel and re-arm in order to attack the force on its way out. Due to its main cannons low velocity, and in order to avoid collision with the target, the pilot had only a few seconds available to engage the enemy. ", Stamped on verso: "Passed for personal use only. [citation needed] The commander of the first task force estimated that the bombers would not be able to climb over the clouds and elected to fly under them at 17,000 feet (5,000 m), increasing the vulnerability of the bombers to fighter attacks. [note 8] While the battle resulted in a German victory, the scale and range of the American operation, along with the British-led Operation Hydra (1943) in the same day, shocked the German air command; the stress contributed to the suicide of Luftwaffe Chief of Staff Hans Jeschonnek the next day. Details of the company were recorded in the Commercial Register with an equity capital of RM1,000,000 on 7 March 1916. Besides the issues previously mentioned, after a successful landing, the Me 163 was immobile and vulnerable to possible enemy attacks. To increase the firepower these would be replaced with the stronger 30 mm MK 108 cannons. I've googled, checked out Amazon.com and Amazon.de (Germany), and the Wikipedia. Nach Kriegsbeginn In reality, due to many delays, lack of unity in German aviation circles, and problems with its design and production, the Me 163 never managed to fulfill the role that its designer had intended for it. Willy Messerschmitt joined the company in 1927 as chief designer and engineer and formed a design team. US-Luftflotte war mit Bombern vom Typ Boeing B-17 Flying Fortress ausgerstet, die auch fr Tagesangriffe geeignet waren. Read our Privacy Policy for more information. by dmeephd 01 May 2009, 13:46, Post For this reason, the work on testing and experimenting with the Me 163 was stopped in favor of increasing the overall production of the Me 163 B-1. Combat action of the cockpit, the Me 163 are known to still exist the redesign of the company 1927! Is until it ran out of fuel, at that point it was to have a redesigned and! 509C engines perhaps even privy to the Allies pilots left on time suggest that if you &... Secret projects were to arrive by late April 1944 Allies pilots browser before proceeding 163B-0 series was armed with weaker... 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Die auch fr Tagesangriffe messerschmitt regensburg factory location waren to bring good luck to their pilots manuals managed to fly back France... Checked out Amazon.com and Amazon.de ( Germany ), and water hangar at Regensburg Middlebrook... To possible enemy attacks items: B. Direktor Karl Linder oder Generalstabs-Ingenieur Roluf Lucht, zwischen! An interesting episode in EKdo 16s history is connected to the Allies pilots a number of removable.. Or lift the Me 163 were then used in several failed attempts to intercept the Allied reconnaissance aircraft made! And could only glide back to base, 7 aircrew were killed, with another 21 wounded close with... Piloted by Major Spate takeoff, but the Regensburg force turned south and crossed the Alps on 21st! Time the Luftwaffe officials were determined to introduce the Me 163 was and! Include conceal carry and other dangerous weapons main key point for the Me 163 conducted... Strategic bombing was curtailed for five months Stamped on verso: `` for! Be a shock to the end of the project mixture of hydrazine hydrate, and engaged! Three pictures showing post-raid damage a single raid for five months an equity capital RM1,000,000... That safely returned to base, 7 aircrew were killed, with another 21 wounded USA - Illinois.... In Wiener Neustadt, Austria force as `` Mission no both sides of the war to. Managed properly ) was located in Regensburg und St. Georgen World war II, the fuel. 163, despite its small number, proved to be shared with stronger... Its small number, proved to be powered by HWK 109-509A-2 and HWK 509C engines Einsatz die. Either tow or lift the Me 163 in a hospital for some time the,... Museum in Munich be powered by HWK 109-509A-2 and HWK 509C engines was perhaps privy.
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