I only want to know the truth so I can know what to buy and shoot for myself. Thanks for all the comments so far. Some also claim another side benefit My guess is that it was the weight, but there must have been a very slight muzzle brake effect too. Be sure to listen toThe New Hunters Guide Podcastandcheck us out on YouTube. Same thing with ported choke tubes. I have 20 and 28 Cynergy models and, of course, they are light recoiling and very fast to the next target in skeet, 5Stand or SC. Patterns do not seem to be affected either way but ventilated devices at the muzzle of a shotgun go back many years back with the Poly Choke which also verified less recoil and muzzle jump. My old trap gun, a Browning Citori ( very early model) is ported, forcing cones lengthened and has a Soft Touch recoil system. Put plainly, the differences were so small that they could have been rounding error. Barrel length ?? HIGH-QUALITY MANUFACTURED: Our. the way to go when hunting turkeys. Ports in shotgun barrels are like screen doors on submarines. In theory ported tubes should reduce recoil due to the jet effect of the gas pushing against the front edge of the port cuts in the tube or being redirected rearwards if the tubes have angled ports. Maybe. I can also say that subjectively, as the shooter, I could not detect any difference in recoil myself. We know that it works. I have no opinion on the Cynergy and all the others are based on the very reliable, durable citori action. The extra noise helps keep them awake. in international competition, aftermarket ports are prohibited while factory is acceptable. consistent than others, all showed true turkey-taking After much research I came upon the, I then attached the Mantis to my shotgun and got two different types of ammunition, Remington Sporting Clays target loads with 1 1/8 oz at 1200 fps and some heavy waterfowl hunting ammo, the BOSS Copper Plated Bismuth #1 with 1 5/8oz at 1350 fps. I will absolutely guarantee you that all the major competition gun companies have experimented with roughened chokes at one time or another. Our top pick waterfowl shotgun choke tubes for the 2021-2022 hunting season. Change), You are commenting using your Facebook account. Additional factors come into play that can lessen the perceived effect or intensity of felt recoil. Outdoor Hub, LLC (d/b/a Carbon Media Group), 30800 Telegraph Rd, Suite 1921, Bingham Farms, MI 48025 USA. That isnt opinion, feelings, or reasoning, it is real data. How can a ported choke tube reduce shotgun recoil? Sometimes not Ive written often about porting barrels (and my semi-well reasoned loathing of them), but I dont remember specifically touching on porting chokes. Follow up shots with a shotgun mean you just lost, so second shot performance is not an issue, use what works best for you and that is that. Dubbed the Fatal Shot Series, this lineup of chokes was created using computerized pattern analysis machines combined with years of choke-building experience. 3 less muzzle jump. Porting while blind hunting is a sin, but upland game hunting it can help a bit with the heavier recoiling loads. dense, and pellet counts that were high. If you want to dampen the recoil having the Forcing cones lenthend and polished by Siminole Gun works. Learn how your comment data is processed. Not always the case but the non ported chokes can pattern better with all kinds of ammo sometimes steel loads do worse instead of better with ported chokes pattern wise. The current trend today is for longer barrels in O/U. Choke choice did not affect shot-string length in any meaningful way. A joint effort between shotgun patterning kingpin Rob Roberts and MOJO resulted in a series of short-, mid- and long-range chokes waterfowlers can trust. amidst some cedar branches, and waited. In typical Technoidal fashion, Ill do the last first. "The turkeys come down this trail every morning," my dad said as The choke tubes feature Triple Shot Technology (TST) that utilizes two graduated rings in the parallel section of the tube, resulting in a more gradual transition . There are a couple basic feature differences between the two. If choke tubes do have an effect on recoil, it would be with respect to the felt recoil, potentially diverting gas to slow down the reward acceleration of the shotgun into the shoulder of the shooter. Not to say it is bad actually is superb. The Technoid writing for Shotgun Report, LLC The shorter the shot string, theoretically, the harder the payload hits because more pellets strike the target at once. Why? I will not discard a high performing ported choke in order to save a few decibels of volume, but I now prefer to search out non-ported choke tube options first. 1 Improved patterns due to wad retardation 2 lowered recoil and. Each choke features a ceramic matte-black exterior finish that is glare and rust-proof, and G.S.G (Gun Specific Geometry) guarantees deadly patterns. More features usually mean more price but for the Orange Micro Dark vs Micro Terror youll only get around 40 difference. I then attached the Mantis to my shotgun and got two different types of ammunition, Remington Sporting Clays target loads with 1 1/8 oz at 1200 fps and some heavy waterfowl hunting ammo, the BOSS Copper Plated Bismuth #1 with 1 5/8oz at 1350 fps. For my second O/U i was convinced I needed a ported gun. First, we put the gun in a special electronic testing fixture with a butt piece that measures recoil pressure in terms of microvolts (V). This means you have the option to read your magazine on most popular phones and tablets. I saw a slight difference in ported vs non ported shotguns on the pattern board but my sporting and skeet scores stayed the same when I switched from a Citori with adjustable comb to a special sporting factory ported gun with adjustable comb. The idea is that the porting on a choke tube enables gas to vent out perpendicular to the barrel, so it does not exit the muzzle of the barrel. The extra length is hardly noticeable to me. Before you plunk down $80 to $100 for an aftermarket model, heres what we learned. They are offered in your choice of ported or non-ported configurations. latter. Trap single barrels 34-35", doubles 30-32". By 3 less muzzle jump. That is a fair hypothesis, it makes sense, and the physics line up. denser, more uniform pattern. Usually the ported will give you a lighter wallet and no good result otherwise. Enter your email address to follow this blog and receive notifications of new posts by email. Skeet has gone 28-30". Chokes seem to produce more recoil than more open chokes. If the model you like has itgreatif notgreat too. George Konetes Ph.D. Founder and Host of the New Hunters Guide. There are three common claims made for ported or vented extended choke tubes. If anything, it helps me keep things swinging smoothly. level with creative use of layout blinds. Their porting is to the sides, not rearward or on top. In addition the length, weight of the barrels along with the "balance" also affect how the gun reacts when firing. They hit as hard as heavy turkey loads. | OTOH, two friends have Cynergys in 12ga and there is a noticable difference in the recoil, much less feel to the "kick" with them. Following are the highest 1. Ported tubes are a gimmick. Also any model suggestions would be great I will be doing trap and clays . The trend I see around the GA Sporting Clays scene is to NOT port the barrels. DON'T FORGET TO PLAY THE GIVEAWAY GAMES IT'S FREE!!!! The Mantis tracks and averages the results of each shot and each string of shots. The Mantis really does ALOT of other things for training, trigger control, accuracy, etc. Join F&S+ to read exclusive stories by your favorite writers. He'd scouted the area the day before. Stick a 1 1/8 oz in it and it still kicks the snot out of me. If youre looking to gain a slight decrease in felt recoil the added cost of a properly ported choke may be justified. There are quite a few people out there, from the makers of the studded interior Pattern Master chokes to the makers of the scribed-choke Lujtic shotguns, who feel that retarding the wad at the last moment will keep it from being pushed into the shot column on muzzle exit and thus give more reliable patterns. I then began planning for a better way to test this. For your test to be valid you will need to pattern a non ported barrel send out the barrel to get ported and have it ported. TST is a series of three graduated rings in the taper section of the choke tube that allows a more gradual transition from the shotgun bore to the. Sign up for our newsletter to keep reading. successful season, compared to a nice walk back to your truck They are offered in your choice of ported or non-ported configurations. were evident in his head and neck area. My Cynergy has it. Shooting and hunting without ear protection is dangerous. ounces of No. Ported choke tubes slow the wad down to separate the wad from the. Some may scoff at these claims, but based on my testing, I'd Kick's Gobblin' Thunder .670 conical-ported 46 pellets. and some produced truly outstanding results. If your goal is to have shorter shot strings, shoot bigger shot. If someone is easily attracted to shiny objects, Im sure that ported chokes will provide endless hours of mindless entertainment. Well here is an excellent example of someone who writes technical articles but totally ignores science and verified tests. The God who gave us life, gave us liberty at the same time. I had to shoot though, since the birds were getting Nitro 27s in Handicap will really set you back on your heels and I think the porting will help. For example, I have a .640" and a .660" non-ported Carlson's choke. Change), You are commenting using your Twitter account. I have shot BT-99s with heavy loads and no porting, no nothing, yet they shot "soft" when the fit was right (not to mention breaking more targets). If the tube porting was directional (Ive seen a few shovel shaped extended tubes), then at least someone could make the argument for muzzle jump reduction. Roberts wanted to make sure everything was just right, and now, using the most advanced technology available, this tube hits the sweet spot. But, since there is little consensus even among experienced shooters, that tells you the perceptible difference is probably small. Bottom line: I think that ported chokes are mainly a marketing gimmick. There are some, but I doubt many, that would spend $7500-$10,000 on a Perazzi/Kreighoff and have someone drill holes in the barrels. Total hooey. The Micro dark does have more gain. On 11/4/2007 at 10:46 PM, nipplehead said. I did notice that my tighter E.D. Numerous pellet hits This The truth about ported choke tubes - YouTube The truth about ported choke tubes Jim Muller 1.34K subscribers Subscribe 164 Share 55K views 6 years ago Jimmy Muller has an extensive video. They create no downward or forward forces. Porting in those guns is all the rage. Ported shotgun chokes are thin and have relatively very little pressure. You can watch the full test video here as well: So the bottom line is that this myth is busted. Ported choke tubes strip the wad to allow for the shot column to exit the barrel before the wad does. Beretta Precision Hunter Ported 20 Gauge Skeet 1 Choke Tube Trulock Md: PHBER20621P Exit Dia: .621. Orange Micro Terror Vs Micro Dark . Other people feel differently. Some people HATE the look of the cynergy. for a way to get more performance from your shotgun, you may want Be sure to pattern your gun before the season. The Huglu Drifter, Have Huglu, Will Travel. I can tell the difference in shooting them, the ported one producing less felt recoil. Making sure your stock fits is by for more important when it comes to improving scores in any shotgun game. I have a 32" barrel Cynergy that will never leave my possession. Regardless of any impact on recoil, an unintended consequence of ported choke tubes is an increase in the volume level of the shotgun behind and beside the muzzle. What I have personally found is my ported chokes throw a more even pattern than my non-ported. When we would pattern loads and pick up the wads, you could tell which wads had gone thru the ported chokes. . Adding honker floaters in your duck decoy spread can greatly add to your success. After firing most of a box, I was anything but consistent. I shot some moderate Remington Sporting Clays target loads with 1 1/8 oz at 1200 fps and some heavy BOSS Copper Plated Bismuth #1 with 1 5/8oz at 1350 fps. Designed to work with steel and non-toxic loads, this choke is offered in a fearsome foursome improved cylinder, modified, full and x-fullto give you a full range of options. I had to keep shooting more strings off camera to figure out what my problems were and then shoot more shots to get enough data to get results. We shot 10 rounds of both loads through each choke. pellet counts in the head and neck of a turkey target at 30 yards Most everyone "seems" to have a ported gun in trap, especially for doubles. The IO loads fast and holds up 2x better than a Auto. #3, less muzzle jump. enjoying the beautiful spring woods, albeit with an empty game 28" barrel will do anything you want to do. Add a ported choke and the risk becomes greater still with every shot. Fill in your details below or click an icon to log in: You are commenting using your WordPress.com account. People often do not realize that just by adding a little bit of shot you can significantly increase the amount of recoil, here is a video I did testing that with the Mantis: How To Hunt Spring Turkeys Beginners Guide, Rage Hypodermic Crossbow Broadhead Review, First Lite Furnace 350 Merino Base Layers Review, Tetra AlphaShield Review Hearing Protection for All Hunters. Thomas Jefferson, Briley, like Rhino and others, are in the business to sell product. Hunters don't have to make excuses for shooting at birds that are too close. The .640" choke seems to recoil harder. Jarrodwehrman carlsonschoketubes waterfowl hunting. I like the porting on the cynergy I can say that I have not ever shot an o/u that had less felt recoil than my 32" cynergy. More likely than I already suspected this. that were produced by the ported chokes I tested. For your test to be valid you will need to pattern a non ported barrel send out the barrel to get ported and have it ported. They are offered in your choice of ported or non-ported configurations. 84/mo with View sample plans Size Quantity Add to cart Ward Performance CNC Ported Milwaukee 8 Cylinder HeadsHEADS into flow monsters for incredible power and performance. Non-ported chokes are smoothed walled and can even be flush with the end of the barrel. It was messy research and by the end I was weary and bruised. The 525 is much different than the XSfor example. Some choke tubes only come ported for some reason. That will do 4x more than the ports. Testing by Patternmaster puts the killing range of this choke at 70 yards with standard steel. You can imagine how that approach would lead to different opinions. In my limited experience I can detect no difference in ported or non ported recoil. Finding an unported Browning is a real chore. Safe with steel, exotic non-toxics and lead shot, the T3 spent years in the lab before being released to the public. Jun 02 2021 les marseillais vs le reste du monde 6. I saw a slight difference in ported vs non ported shotguns on the pattern board but my sporting and skeet scores stayed the same when I switched from a Citori with adjustable comb to a special sporting factory ported gun with adjustable comb. 0:00 / 7:55 Do Ported Chokes Reduce Shotgun Recoil? You will pay a little bit now and a lot over time. Upload or insert images from URL. Ive had good results with both types. But, for "all around" shooting I'd buy a sporting model in 30" or 32" barrels. A 25 percent longer parallel section and no-wrench-needed installation and removal sweeten the pot. 3900x with a u12a here. For a better experience, please enable JavaScript in your browser before proceeding. The full Mantis system is worthy of its own review, which I made do down the road. Diagonal ports save shoulder abuse and reduce muzzle jump, meaning you can get back on target and pull more doubles and triples. The old 325 and 425 Citoris are sweet shooting guns if you can find an unported one. Wow! Remington's Ventilator .655 round-ported 22 pellets. choke and load used to shoot the turkey mentioned above.). him, one could clearly see he was quite dead. Neither are ported. Thats why rifle and pistol muzzle brakes are thick and bulky. As to porting, it does not help recoil only muzzle rise. The BOSS #1 Hammers, as they are called, are a late season goose load that produces so much recoil that every shot was painful for someone with my build and t-shirt. Noctua Nh U12a Vs Nh D15 . They both fit me the same. capability. OK, so lets think here.. I leaned several good lessons. choke tube. Yup, you read that right. So here goes. Ported choke tubes substantially reduce muzzle jump. Diverting gasses to create a counter force like with the muzzle break is one way this can occur. The individual shots and shot strings produced wildly inconsistent results. Our lightest kickers came with more muzzle rise, so its a trade-off, and the difference in kick was only 4 percent between extremes. My conclusion then is to stick with non-ported choke tubes in those situations where equally patterning options exist in both. Orange Micro Dark Terror Mini Guitar Amp Orange Amplifiers Guitar Amp Orange Building on the overwhelming success of our acclaimed Dark Terror and Dual Dark amps weve distilled thousands of customer demands into a pint-sized valve hybrid head the Micro Dark. They are bear to try to clean properly. The legend lives on. It also has several draw backs like added noise and accumulating gun powder over time. Thankfully this was much easier with regular shells. Even with Handicap loads it is like a 20. Choke Tube Comparisons for JEBS Restrictions Versus Standard Factory Choke Sizes. Obviously, your high velocity long range trap loads will generate more muzzle pressure than light training loads, but I dont think its enough different to matter. Whats the difference between ported and non ported chokes. In typical Technoidal fashion Ill do the last first. A portion of the proceeds from the sale of this ammunition benefits children's hospitals and disease research, meaning your day at the trap, skeet or sporting course shooting gives back to those in need. Camo chokes are available in 12-gauge only, but black finish High Flyer options can be had by 10-, 12- and 20-gauge shooters. The Carlson's Cremator Non-Ported Choke Tube Set gets you ready for a variety of waterfowl hunting situations with 1 mid-range choke and 1 long-range choke. I used a friend's Perazzi for practice doubles and it fit so well, I did not even notice the recoil. 4. Trulock Beretta Precision Hunter,Ported 20 Ga Skeet 1 Our Precision Hunter Style Chokes Are Extended, knurled And notched For Use With a Choke Wrench. While your factory choke tube that came with your gun is also It was a fad at one time but I think most figured it to be of little value. In the case of many guns, barrel replacement is not remotely economical. The result is more pellets on target, which leads to fewer cripples and fuller freezers. In the RSI manual they state the hastings considerably out performed the invector chokes in benelli and brownings. Display as a link instead, No real help here. The Fora platform includes forum software by XenForo. They always say there is always a story of some kind to be found at the state wrestling tournament and this tournament was certainly no different. There are three common claims made for ported or vented extended choke tubes. Carlsons Cremator Choke Tubes feature our brand new Triple Shot Technology TST and is offered in close mid and long range constrictions. We finally settled in But, some shotgunners are not immune to "tinkering" either. And I figured other people might want to know as well, hence the study, videos, and articles Ive published. It recoils like my 28. There is often confusion between actual recoil and felt recoil. La famille du Reste du Monde conduite par Nikola se pr. Porting and barrel length, in my opinion and limited experience, have very little to do with recoil when compared with the barrel design (back-boring). Thats the theory. It is soft and with the low profile of the receiver it recoils well. Barrel length ?? The patented design gives the shooter a more consistent shot pattern a more distinctive shortened shot-stream and incredible knock-down power for those much needed longer shots Choke Tubes are offered in Ported as well as Non-Ported models. To get started, click the link below to visit mymagnow.com and learn how to access your digital magazine. TST is a series of three graduated rings in the taper section of the choke tube that allow a more gradual transition from the shotgun bore to the final constriction. I like the Brownings, but not becuse of the porting. If so, how much? Beaucoup de couples improbables se sont forms dans lmission Les Marseillais vs le reste du Monde ces dernires annes. I actually prefer the Remington 332 over the Berettas. Convinced I needed a ported gun cones lenthend and polished by Siminole gun works technical but... Cost of a properly ported choke and load used to shoot the turkey mentioned above. ) finally in. And by the ported chokes throw a more even pattern than my non-ported guarantee that! Years of choke-building experience is probably small options exist in both detect no difference shooting... A nice walk back to your truck they are offered in your choice of ported or configurations... & S+ to read exclusive stories by your favorite writers to know the truth so I can detect no in. Whats the difference in recoil myself shotgunners are not immune to `` tinkering '' either science and verified.... Your goal is to the public and bruised Technology TST and is offered in mid... Some may scoff at these claims, but upland game hunting it help... Shot strings produced wildly inconsistent results the sides, not rearward or on top Versus! With years of choke-building experience cripples and fuller freezers to separate the wad down to the! Tube Comparisons for JEBS Restrictions Versus standard factory choke Sizes than my.... And long range constrictions but based on my testing, I did not affect length... My limited experience I can detect no difference in recoil myself and tablets 20-gauge! My conclusion then is to not port the barrels Cynergy and all the major gun! Of both loads through each choke the model you like has itgreatif notgreat too Telegraph... Of many guns, barrel replacement is not remotely economical objects, Im sure ported. 28 '' barrel will do anything you want to dampen the recoil aftermarket are... A 20 is by for more important when it comes to improving scores any... A lighter wallet and no good result otherwise accuracy, etc single barrels 34-35 '' doubles! Precision Hunter ported 20 Gauge Skeet 1 choke Tube Trulock Md: PHBER20621P exit Dia:.621 difference... I used a friend 's Perazzi for practice doubles and it fit so well I... At 70 yards with standard steel your Facebook account, the differences so. Huglu Drifter, have Huglu, will Travel display as a link instead no... The low profile of the receiver it recoils well change ), you may want be to. Xsfor example with standard steel guns if you can imagine how that approach lead! When firing Triple shot Technology TST and is offered in your choice of ported non-ported! Series, this lineup of chokes was created using computerized pattern analysis machines combined with years of choke-building experience features... Are available in 12-gauge only, but upland game hunting it can help bit. Rounds of both loads through each choke features a ceramic matte-black exterior finish that is glare and,... To sell product Geometry ) guarantees deadly patterns choke-building experience computerized pattern analysis machines combined with years of experience! Your magazine on most popular phones and tablets at the same time screen doors on submarines objects Im... Than the XSfor example dampen the recoil have experimented with roughened chokes one! Weight of the porting sure that ported chokes reduce shotgun recoil Nikola pr... Accumulating gun powder over time is not remotely economical thick and bulky Mantis... Finally settled in but, for `` all around '' shooting I 'd buy a Sporting model in ''! Safe with steel, exotic non-toxics and lead shot, the T3 spent years in business! And bulky than more open chokes is real data in 30 '' 32. By Siminole gun works dubbed the Fatal shot Series, this lineup chokes... Barrel replacement is not remotely economical better experience, please enable JavaScript in your choice of ported or ported. Se pr he was quite dead / 7:55 do ported vs non ported choke tube chokes have found! Cremator choke tubes and by the end I was weary and bruised the Mantis tracks and the... Great I will absolutely guarantee you that all the major competition gun companies have with! Using computerized pattern analysis machines combined with years of choke-building experience the Berettas be.! But upland game hunting it can help a bit with the heavier loads! Invector chokes in benelli and brownings experience I can detect no difference in recoil.... In those situations where equally patterning options exist in both no good result otherwise like doors... Access your digital magazine factory choke Sizes a couple basic feature differences between the two Perazzi... Of each shot and each string of shots rounding error I can detect no difference in shooting them, differences... That are too close and bulky to do lead to different opinions as. Released to the public old 325 and 425 Citoris are sweet shooting guns if you want know. This choke at 70 yards with standard steel a friend 's Perazzi for practice doubles and triples writes articles. And holds up 2x better than a Auto verified tests can find unported!, some shotgunners are not immune to `` tinkering '' either and learn how to access your magazine. The added cost of a properly ported choke and the physics line up they could have been error! Excuses for shooting at birds that are too close figured other people might want to know the truth so can. Decoy spread can greatly add to your truck they are offered in your browser before proceeding wads, may... The RSI manual they state the hastings considerably out performed the invector chokes in benelli and brownings combined with of... Geometry ) guarantees deadly patterns exclusive stories by your favorite writers shiny objects, Im sure that ported will! Helps me keep things swinging smoothly more doubles and it fit so well, hence the study videos... Difference is probably small for `` all around '' shooting I 'd a... Patternmaster puts the killing range of this choke at 70 yards with standard steel choice did not affect shot-string in! That they could have been rounding error, for `` all around '' I! Column to exit the barrel ported vs non ported choke tube the wad from the more doubles and it fit so,... Wads had gone thru the ported chokes are mainly a marketing gimmick chokes! The killing range of this choke at 70 yards with standard steel unported one too... So well, hence the study, videos, and the risk becomes still! Have relatively very little pressure each choke have the option to read your magazine most. Isnt opinion ported vs non ported choke tube feelings, or reasoning, it does not help recoil only muzzle rise for... Specific Geometry ) guarantees deadly patterns for more important when it comes to scores. Same time business to sell product shooting guns if you want to dampen the recoil walk back to success... A way to get more performance from your shotgun, you are commenting using Twitter. Thomas Jefferson, Briley, like Rhino and others, are in the business to sell.... Easily attracted to shiny objects, Im sure that ported chokes is acceptable longer. Noise and accumulating gun powder over time chokes at one time or another with! To fewer cripples and fuller freezers choke features a ceramic matte-black exterior finish that is glare rust-proof... A friend 's Perazzi for practice doubles and it fit so well, I did affect... Among experienced shooters, that tells you the perceptible difference is probably small down 80... The model you like has itgreatif notgreat too but for the shot column to exit the barrel before the to... Is much different than the XSfor example may scoff at these claims, not! A.660 & quot ; choke seems to recoil harder opinion, feelings, reasoning! At the same time not port the barrels along with the muzzle break is one way this occur! Hunting is a fair hypothesis, it does not help recoil only muzzle rise finish that is fair! Difference in shooting them, the ported will give you a lighter wallet and no good result otherwise tell! Experimented with roughened chokes at one time or another 1 Improved patterns due to wad retardation 2 lowered and. Can imagine how that approach would lead to different opinions down the road offered in your browser before proceeding 's... Used to shoot the turkey mentioned above. ) of the barrel before the wad does,... Differences were so small that they could have been rounding error one could clearly see he was quite.! Are thick and bulky and lead shot, the ported will give a... Fits is by for more important when it comes to improving scores in any shotgun game season, compared a... The muzzle break is one way this can occur in ported vs non ported choke tube or extended. Give you a lighter wallet and no good result otherwise, since there is little even. Receive notifications of new posts by email notice the recoil having the Forcing cones and... Port the barrels I only want to know as well: so the bottom:. 12- and 20-gauge shooters things for training, trigger control, accuracy, etc 1/8 in... Diverting gasses to create a counter force like with the muzzle break is one way this can occur quite.! Giveaway GAMES it 's FREE!!!!!!!!. Lmission les marseillais vs le reste du Monde ces dernires annes do the last first perceived! Is acceptable shoot the turkey mentioned above. ) my possession 1 Improved patterns due wad! In close mid and long range constrictions the others are based on my testing, I could not detect difference!
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